Hy, II, 63; Taine, Lectures on Art, 272.
14. Pirenne, H., Belgian Democracy, 218.
15. Motley, J. L., Rise of the Dutch Republic, I, 101.
16. Smith, Reformation, 240.
17. Blok, II, 314.
18. In Kautsky, 283.
19. Smith, 244.
20. Kautsky, 285 f.; Ranke, 75 f.
21. Motley, I, 222-5.
22. Smith, 245.
23. Draper, J. W., Intellectual Development of Europe, II, 226.
24. Smith, 245.
25. Armstrong, Charles V, II, 382-3; Robertson, Charles V, II, 137; Michelet, III, 293.
26. Ibid., 363.
27. 349.
28. Robinson, Readings, 317-9.
29. Altamira, Hy of Spanish Civilization, 135.
30. Hume, Spanish People, 222-3.
31. Vernadsky, G., Kievan Russia, 243,
32. Wilkins, Spanish Protestantism in the 16th Century, 19.
33. Lea, Inquisition in Spain, IV, 8-12.
34. Wilkins, 26; Camb. Mod. Hy, 1,403.
35. Lea, IV, 431-8.
36. Ibid., 441.
37. Prescott, W. H. in Robertson, Charles V, II, 648.
CHAPTER XXIX
1. Waliszewski, Ivan the Terrible, 95.
2. Rambaud, Hy of Russia, I, 286.
3. Waliszewski, Ivan, 68.
4. Eckhardt, Russia, 29.
5. Réau, L’art russe, I, 244.
6. Kluchevsky, Hy of Russia, I, 275.
7. Pokrovsky, Hy of Russia, 104.
8. Vernadsky, Hy of Russia, 55.
9. Rambaud, I, 253.
10. Kluchevsky, I, 75, 95.
11. Pokrovsky, 144.
12. Rambaud, I, 266; Waliszewski, Ivan, 267.
13. Ibid., 268, 272.
14. Pokrovsky, 157.
15. Waliszewski, 258.
16. Rambaud, I, 300.
17. Réau, I, 272.
18. Waliszewski, 374.
19. Roeder, Catherine de’ Medici, 495.
20. Waliszewski, 381.
CHAPTER XXX
1. Browne, E. G., Literary Hy of Persia, III, 43.
2. Lamb, H., Tamerlane, 293.
3. Clavijo, Embassy to Tamerlane, 153.
4. Bulletin of the American Institute for Iranian Art, June, 1938, 248-52.
5. Arnold, T. W., Painting in Islam, 93.
6. Browne, III, 289.
7. Ibid., 277.
8. Hafiz, tr. Streit, 80.
9. In Gottheil, ed., Literature of Persia, I, 408.
10. Hafiz, tr. Streit, stanzas 10,11,19, 21, 49.
11. Bell, G. L., Poems from the Divan of Hafiz, xxiii.
12. Ouseley, G., Biographical Notices of Persian Poets, 23 f.
13. In Grousset, R., Civilizations of the East, I, 338-9.
14. Hafiz, tr. Streit, 65.
15. Ibid., stanza 38.
16. Bell, stanza xliii.
17. Clavijo, 181.
18. Ibid., 137.
19. Browne, III, 185. Some assign Timur’s lameness to a later period; so Clavijo, 210, and Sykes, P., History of Persia, II, 121.
20. Timur, Mulfuzat, v. 26.
21. Browne, III, 186.
22. Ibid., 178; Lamb, 150.
23. Browne, III, 189.
24. Ibid., 190.
25. Clavijo, 132.
26. Ibid., 151, 278.
27. Ibid., 249.
28. Pope, A. U., Masterpieces of Persian Art; 149.
29. Dawlatshah in Browne, III, 501,
30. Ibn Khaldun, Les Prolegomena, I, p. lxxii.
31. Lane-Poole, S., Cairo, 50.
32. Gibbons, H. A., Foundation of the Ottoman Empire, 150.
33. Froissart, J., Chronicles, iv, 90.
34. Lane-Poole, S., Story of Turkey, 97.
35. Cambridge Modern History, IV, 705.
36. Vambéry, A., Story of Hungary, 282.
37. Gibb, E. J., Ottoman Literature, 3.
38. Ibid., 209 f.
39. Browne, III, 455.
40. Jami, Mulla Nuru’ d-Din, tr. E. Fitzgerald, 69.
41. Pope, Masterpieces, 146.
42. Davis, F. H., Persian Mystics: Jami, 71.
43. Clavijo, 153.
44. Saladin, H., et Migeon, G., Manuel d’art musulmane, I, 357.
45. Cf. Pope, A. U., Survey of Persian Art, IV, 428 f.
46. Ibid., III, 1324.
47. Sykes, II, 155.
48. In Dimand, M. S., Handbook of Muhammadan Art, 42.
49. Arnold, T., and Guillaume, A., Legacy of Islam, 96.
50. Ibn Battuta, M., Travels, tr. H. A. Gibb, 148.
51. Ibid., 57.
52. Sarton, G., Introd. to the History of Science, II-2, 1100.
53. Arnold, Legacy of Islam, 340.
54. Ibn Khaldun, Prolegomènes, I, p. xxx.
55. Ibid., lxxiii.
56. Ibid., 4.
57. 71.
58. 12.
59. 67.
60. Boer, T., History of Philosophy in Islam, 203.
61. Ibid., 205.
62. De Vaux, C., Les penseurs de l’Islam, I, 288.
63. Ibn Khaldun, I, 175.
64. Ibid., 176 f.
65. 17 of.
66. Ibid., Introd., xxxii.
67. Ibid., 95.
68. Introd., xxxii.
69. Ibid., 324.
70. Ibid., III, 44.
71. I, 303.
72. I, 345; III, 300-5.
73. I, 333, 354.
74. III, 227, 233, 240.
75. III, 115-20, 184, 188; I, 218.
76. De Vaux, I, 282.
77. Ibn Khaldun, III, 249; I, 347.
78. III, 456.
79. III, 125.
80. Issawi, C., An Arab Philosophy of History, 21.
81. Toynbee, A., A Study of History, III, 321.
82. Sarton, III-2, 1770.
CHAPTER XXXI
1. Cambridge Mod. Hy, III, 112.
2. Sykes, II, 164; Browne, IV, 21.
3. Browne, IV, 62.
4. Ibid., 51.
5. Hughes, T. P., Dictionary of Islam, 572.
6. Doughty, Chas., Arabia Deserta, I, 59.
7. Sykes, II, 163.
8. Pope, A. U., Introduction to Persian Art, 224.
9. Browne, IV, 93.
10. Sykes, II, 168-9.
11. Dimand, M. S., Guide to an Exhibition of Islamic Miniature Painting, 34.
12. Pope, A. U., Catalogue of a Loan Exhibition of Early Oriental Carpets, 39.
13. Merriman, R. B., Suleiman the Magnificent, 33.
14. Ibid., 190.
15. Camb. Mod. Hy, I, 92.
16. Guicciardini, F., History of the
