317
Woolf, Nuclear Weapons in Russia. — P. 8.
Office of the Coordinator of the U.S. Assistance to the NIS. U.S. Government Assistance to and Cooperative Activities with Eurasia, Fiscal Year 2001 (Department of State, March 2002). — P. 153.
Office of the Coordinator of the U.S. Assistance to the NIS. U.S. Government Assistance to and Cooperative Activities with the New Independent States of the Firmer Soviet Union. — P. 3.
Interview with Daniel Poneman.
The MPC&A budgets were as follows: 1993, 3 million; 1994, 11 million; 1995, 73 million; 1996, 99 million; 1997, 115 million; 1998, 137 million; 1999, 152 million; 2000, 145 million; and 2001, 145 million.
Woolf. Nuclear Weapons in Russia. — P. 12.
Office of the Coordinator of the U.S. Assistance to the NIS. U.S. Government Assistance to and Cooperative Activities with Eurasia, Fiscal Year 2001. — P. 153.
Interview with William Perry.
Interview with Ashton Carter.
Perry. Forging Realistic, Pragmatic Relations with Russia.
Interview with James Collins.
Interviews with Morningstar, William Taylor, Perry, and Carter.
Morse L. Thumbs Down from Grain Traders // Financial Times. — April 6, 1993. — P. 4; White House press release. Vancouver Summit Assistance Package. — March 31, 1993; Background Briefing by Senior Administration Officials. — April 4, 1993; Canada Place, Vancouver, British Columbia, Office of the Coordinator of the U.S. Assistance to the NIS. U.S. Government Assistance to and Cooperative Activities with Eurasia, Fiscal Year 2001. — P. 153.
Interview with Atwood.
Rosner. The New Tag of War. — P. 49-50.
Interview with Atwood.
Gaidar Y. Days of Defeat and Victory. — University of Washington Press, 1999. — P. 152.
Interview with Lipton.
Lipset S.M. Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Political Legitimacy // American Political Science Review. — Vol. 53. — No. 1 (1959). — P. 69-105; see also: Lipset S.M. Political Man: The Social Bases of Politics. — Doubleday, 1960; and more recently, Przeworski A., Alvarez M., Cheibub J.A. and Limongi F. Democracy and Development: Political Institutions and Well-Being in the World, 1950-1990. — Cambridge University press, 2000.
Ясин Е. Нормальная экономика — основное условие демократии // Известия. — 1991. -27 августа. Перепечатка в: Current Digest of the Soviet Pres. — Vol. 43. — October 9, 1991. — P. 15.
Yasin. A Normal Economy Is the Main Condition for Democracy. — P. 15. For the analytical underpinning of this fear, see: Przeworski A. Democracy and the Market: Political and Economics Reforms in Eastern Europe and Latin America. — Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1991.
Об этой дискуссии см.: May В. Экономика и власть. — М.: Дело, 1995.
Yeltsin's address to the Fifth Congress, October 28, 1991 // Yeltsin-Khasbulatov. — P. 96.
May В. Экономика и власть. — С. 43.
См.: McFaul. Russia's Unfinished Revolution. — Chap. 4.,
McFaurs interview with Yegor Gaidar. — October 8, 1997.
Interview with Jeanny Bourgault, at the time, director of the Office of Democratic Initiatives and Human Resources (DIHR).
Источник: Аппарат координатора помощи новым независимым государствам. U.S. Government Assistance to and Cooperative Activities with the New Independent States of the Former Soviet Union (Department of State, 1996). P. 200 (www.fpa.org (July 2003).
Stiglitz J. Whither Reform? Ten Years of Transition, paper delivered at Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics. — Washington, 1999; Hough J. The Logic of Economic Reform in Russia. — Brookings, 2001.
Interview with Stanley Fisher.
См., например: McFaul M. Why Russian Politics Matter // Foreign Policy. — Vol. 74. — January-February 1995. — P. 87-99; McFaul M. When Capitalism and Democracy Collide in Transition, Working Paper I. — Harvard University, Davis Center for Russian Studies, 1997. — P. 1-37.
National Democratic Institute, «Submission of the National Democratic Institute to the Congressionally Authorized Study on the U.S. Government- Funded Democracy Programs». — Washington, July 1994. — P. 2.
Hellman J. Winners Take All: The Politics of Partial Reform in Post- Communist Transition // World Politics. — Vol. 50. — January 1998. — P. 203-234; Dethier J.-J., Ghanem H. and Zoli E. Does Democracy Facilitate the Economic Transition? An Empirical Study of Central and Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union, unpublished manuscript. — World Bank, June 1999; European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Transition Report 1999: Ten Years of Transition. — London, 1999. — Chap. 5; Aslund A. Building Capitalism: The Transformation of the Former Soviet Bloc. — Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2001.
Interview with Gati.
К сожалению, нет компетентного анализа с оценкой истории этих про грамм в России. По отдельным направлениям см.: Richter J. Evaluating Western Assistance to Russian Women's Organizations, and Powell L. Western and Russian Environmental NGO's: A Greener Russia? in: Mendelson S. and Clenn J. eds. The Power and Limits of NGO's: A Critical Look at Building Democracy in Eastern Europe and Eurasia. — Columbia University Press, 2002; Sundstrom L. M. Strength from Without? Transnational Influences on NGO Development in Russia. Ph.D. dissertation. — Stanford University, December 2001; and Mendel son S. Democracy Assistance and Political Transition in Russia: Between Success and Failure // International Security. — Vol. 25. — Spring 2001. — P. 68-106.
См. Office of the Coordinator of the U.S. Assistance to the NIS, U.S. Go vernment Assistance to and Cooperative Activities with Eurasia, Fiscal Year 2001 (Department of State, March 2002). — P. 153.
Об этих проблемах см.: Carothers T. Aiding Democracy Abroad: The Learning Curve. — Washington: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1999; and Diamond. Promoting Democracy in the 1990s.
Interview with Atwood.
Interview with Bourgault.
Относительно того, почему малые государства более эффективны, чем большие, см.: Nairn M. Latin America: The Second Stage of Reform // Journal of Democracy. — Vol. 5. — October 1994. — P. 32-48.
The Eurasia Foundation: 1996-1997 Report. — Washington, 1997. — P. 9.
См.: Kramer D. Russian Aid (II) // National Interest. — No. 39 (spring 1995). — P. 78.
Talbott S. deputy secretary of state, statement before the Subcommittee of the Senate Appropriations Committee, 104 Cong. 1 sess. — February 5, 1995. — P. 5.
Sherwood-Randall E. U.S. Policy and the Caucasus // Contemporary Caucasus Newsletter (Spring 1998). — P. 3-4. University of California, Berkeley, Program in Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies.
Goldman S. IB92089: Russia // CRS Report for Congress (Congressional Research Service). — June 15, 2000. — P. 25.
Sciolino E. Clinton Adds Visit from Russian Official on Aid // New York Times. — March 19, 1993. — P. A5.
Interview with Talbott.
Телевизионное обращение Ельцина от 30 декабря 1991 г., публикация в: Ельцин-Хасбулатов. — С. 111.
Quoted in: Asmus R.D. Opening NATO's Door: How the Alliance Remade Itself for a New Era. — Columbia University press, 2002. — P. 112.
«A Personal Account from Moscow, December 1992: Russia after the Congress of People's Deputies», memo from Tobi Gati to Mike Mandelbaum. — December 16, 1992. — P. 4.
Interview with Brian Atwood.
Interview with Anthony Lake and Coit Blacker.
Interview with Sandy Berger, Leon Fuerth, Strobe Talbott and James Steinberg.
Lake A. Six Nightmares: Real Threats in a Dangerous World and How America Can Meet Them (Little, Brown, 2000). — P. 194.
Interviews with Lake and Talbott; and Lake A. Six Nightmares. — P. 194.
TASS. — February 13, 1992. In: Foreign Broadcast Information Service (FBIS)-SOV, 92-031. — February 1, 1992. — P. 45; и Резолюции // чрезвычайного съезда КПРФ // Советская Россия. — 1993. — 25 февраля.
Hellman J. Winners take All: The Politics of Partial Reform in Post- Communist Transitions // World Politics. — Vol. 50. — January 1998. — No. 1. — P. 203-234.
См.: Гражданский союз. Программа антикризисного урегулирования. — М., 1992. — С. 12-23; а также Известия. — 1992. — 25 авг.
Lloyd J. Yeltsin Suffers Setback as Congress Rejects Gaidar // Financial Times. — December 10, 1992. — P. 16.
См.: Ельцин Б. Обращение Президента на VII Съезде народных депутатов. 10 декабря 1992 г.; Ельцин-Хасбулатов. Единство. Компромисс. Борьба. — М.: Терра-терра, 1994. — С. 235-236.
United Press International. — March 16, 1993.
Lowenhardt J. The Reincarnation of Russia: Struggling with the Legacy of Communism, 1990-1994. — Duke University Press, 1995. — P. 134-135; Костиков В. Роман с Президентом: записки пресс-секретаря. — М.: Вагириус, 1997. — С. 169.
Interviews with Wayne Merry and Thomas Graham.
Stephanopoulos G. All Too Human: A Political Education (Little, Brown and Co., 1999). — P. 138.
Talbott S. The Russia Hand: A Memoir of Presidential Diplomacy (Random House, 2002). — P. 68.
