356
Nestle, Food Politics: 238; Proxmire amendment: 21 U.S.C. § 350 (Vitamins and Minerals).
Nestle, Food Politics, p. 238.
Nestle, Food Politics, p. 238.
Committee on the Nutrition Components of Food Labeling, Institute of Medicine. Nutrition Labeling: Issues and Directions for the 1990s, p. 57.
Regulation of Dietary Supplements: 63 (высказывания Дэвида Кесслера, уполномоченного FDA).
NewChapter.com. http://www.newchapter.com/targeted-herbal-formulas/supercritical-omega-7#supplement-facts.
Regulation of Dietary Supplements, p. 139 (высказывание Дороти Уилсон).
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 59.
Slutsker, Laurence, et al. Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome Associated With Exposure to Tryptophan From a Single Manufacturer. The Journal of the American Medical Association, vol. 264, no. 2 (July 11, 1990). Также: Belongia, Edward et al. An Investigation of the Cause of the Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome Associated With Tryptophan Use. The New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 323, no. 6 (August 9, 1990).
Grady, Denise. Dietary Supplement Found to Be Contaminated. New York Times, September 1, 1998. http://www.nytimes.com/1998/09/01/science/dietary-supplement-found-to-be-contaminated.html.
FDA’s Regulation of the Dietary Supplement L-tryptophan: Hearing Before the Human Resources and Intergovernmental Relations Subcommittee of the Committee on Government Operations. House of Representatives, 102nd Cong., 1st sess., July 18, 1991, p. 70 (высказывание Ричарда Уортмана, Кембридж, Массачусетс).
FDA’s Regulation of the Dietary Supplement L-tryptophan: Hearing Before the Human Resources and Intergovernmental Relations Subcommittee of the Committee on Government Operations. House of Representatives, 102nd Cong., 1st sess., July 18, 1991, p. 70 (высказывание Ричарда Уортмана, Кембридж, Массачусетс), p. 71 (высказывание Ричарда Уортмана).
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 66.
FDA’s Regulation of the Dietary Supplement L-tryptophan: 70 (высказывание Ричарда Уортмана).
Nestle, Food Politics: 239; Health.gov. Background on Dietary Supplements. http://www.health.gov/dietsupp/ch2.htm#sthash.XmELnICr.dpuf.
Nestle, Food Politics, p. 242.
Nestle, Food Politics, p. 242.
Hilts, P. J. In Reversal, White House Backs Curbs on Health Claims for Food. New York Times, February 9, 1990, p. A1, A22.
Nestle, Food Politics, p. 242.
Nestle, Food Politics, p. 250.
Lipton, Eric. Support Is Mutual for Senator and Utah Industry. New York Times, June 20, 2011.
Daniells, Stephen. Dietary Supplements Become Utah’s #1 Industry, Topping $7.2 Billion. NutraIngredients-USA.com newsletter, May 23, 2012. http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/Markets/ietary-supplements-becomeUtah-s-1-industry-topping-7.2-billion.
Lipton, Eric. Support Is Mutual for Senator and Utah Industry. New York Times, June 20, 2011.
Lipton, Eric. Support Is Mutual for Senator and Utah Industry. New York Times, June 20, 2011.
Lipton, Eric. Support Is Mutual for Senator and Utah Industry. New York Times, June 20, 2011.
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 76.
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 73.
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 73.
Телефонное интервью с Дэвидом Кесслером, 28 февраля 2012 года.
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 80.
Library of Congress Summary. H.R.2597 (102nd): Food, Drug, Cosmetic and Device Enforcement Amendments of 1991. Introduced June 7, 1991. https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/102/hr2597#summary/libraryofcongress.
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 81.
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 83.
Weisskopf, Michael. In the Vitamin Wars, Industry Marshals an Army of Citizen Protesters. Washington Post, September 14, 1993, p. A07.
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 87.
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 83.
Nestle, Food Politics, p. 259.
Интервью с Донной Портер, 23 июля 2014 года.
Weisskopf, In the Vitamin Wars, Industry Marshals an Army of Citizen Protesters, p. A07.
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 87.
Burros, Marian. F.D.A. Is Again Proposing to Regulate Vitamins and Supplements. New York Times, June 15, 1993.
Hilts, Protecting America’s Health, p. 286.
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 85.
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 84.
Hilts, Protecting America’s Health, p. 287.
Hilts, Protecting America’s Health, p. 287.
Hilts, Protecting America’s Health, p. 287.
Nestle, Food Politics, p. 255.
Williams, Lena. F.D.A. Steps Up Effort to Control Vitamin Claims. New York Times, August 9, 1992.
Williams, Lena. A Correction: No Plan to Curb High-Potency Vitamins as Drugs. New York Times, August 16, 1992.
Nestle, Food Politics, p. 253.
Williams, F.D.A Steps Up Effort to Control Vitamin Claims.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IV2olDA0w8U; Hilts, Protecting America’s Health, p. 288.
Burros, F.D.A. Is Again Proposing to Regulate Vitamins and Supplements.
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 89.
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 90–91.
Regulation of Dietary Supplements: 63 (высказывания Дэвида Кесслера, уполномоченного FDA).
Regulation of Dietary Supplements: 63 (высказывания Дэвида Кесслера, уполномоченного FDA), p. 63.
Regulation of Dietary Supplements: 63 (высказывания Дэвида Кесслера, уполномоченного FDA), p. 63.
Diet Supplements Attacked by F.D.A. New York Times, July 30, 1993.
Regulation of Dietary Supplements: 65 (высказывания Дэвида Кесслера, уполномоченного FDA).
Burros, F.D.A. Is Again Proposing to Regulate Vitamins and Supplements.
US Government Accountability Office. Dietary Supplements: FDA Should Take Further Actions to Improve Oversight and Consumer Understanding, GAO-09-250. Washington, DC: US Government Accountability Office, 2009, p. 32.
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 94.
Library of Congress Summary of the 1994 Dietary Health and Education Act: https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/103/s784#summary.
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 98–99.
Полная ссылка на DSHEA: Act of October 25, 1994, Pub. L. No. 103–417, 108 Stat. 4325 (Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994).
Полный текст: http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE-108/pdf/STATUTE-108Pg4325.pdf.
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 101.
Краткое изложение DSHEA на сайте Health.gov: http://www.health.gov/dietsupp/ch1.htm.
FDA Basics: What Is a Dietary Supplement? http://www.fda.gov/aboutfda/transparency/basics/ucm195635.htm.
Hurley, Natural Causes, p. 102.
Дальнейшее замечание по поводу пищевых продуктов: во время написания этой книги FDA тоже еще не опубликовало итоговые указания, по которым ингредиент может квалифицироваться как «признаваемый в целом безвредным» (GRAS). Возникает проблема, когда в формулах используются давно существующие ингредиенты, которые, как выразилась Счетная палата США, имеют «показатели безопасности, радикально не соответствующие истории их использования». Например, горький апельсин в небольших количествах исторически использовался в качестве ароматизатора для апельсинового джема, но горький апельсин также имеет в составе сильный стимулятор синефрин, родственный эфедрину, активному ингредиенту на сегодняшний день запрещенной эфедры. Должна ли компания сослаться на использование горького апельсина в джеме в качестве основания для того, чтобы не направлять FDA уведомление о новом диетическом ингредиенте продукта, который на 95 % состоит из синефрина? Должен ли он считаться безвредным в своей второй, потенциально опасной форме? US Government Accountability Office, Dietary Supplements: FDA Should Take Further Actions to Improve Oversight and Consumer Understanding, p. 24.
Hilts, Protecting America’s Health, p. 228.
